Deafness – a condition that prevents an individual from receiving sound in all or most of its forms.
Decibel- measures loudness or intensity of sound
Herts- measures frequency or pitch
note: deafness may be viewed as a condition that prevents an individual from receiving sound in all or most of its forms while a child with hearing loss can generally respond to auditory stimuli, including speech.
note: only children whose hearing loss is greater than 90 decibels are considered deaf for the purpose of educational placement.
Educational Implications:
- regular speech, language and amplification systems
- services of an interpreter for those students who use manual communication
- favorable seating in class to facilitate speech reading
- captioned films/videos
- assistance of a note taker who takes notes for the students with a hearing loss so that the student can fully attend to instruction
- instruction for the teacher and peers in alternate communication methods, such as sign language
- counseling
note: children who are hard of hearing may find it more difficult to learn vocabulary, grammar, word order, idiomatic expressions, and other aspects of verbal communication.
| Degree of hearing loss | Hearing loss range (dB HL) |
|---|---|
| Normal | –10 to 15 |
| Slight | 16 to 25 |
| Mild | 26 to 40 |
| Moderate | 41 to 55 |
| Moderately severe | 56 to 70 |
| Severe | 71 to 90 |
| Profound | 91+ |
ASSISTIVE DEVICES FOR HEARING IMPAIRMENT:
I. Telecommunications Device for the Deaf - an electronic device for text telecommunication via the telephone line
Telecommunication Relay Service - is an operator service that allows people who are Deaf, Hard-of-Hearing, Speech-Disabled, or DeafBlind to place calls to standard telephone users via a keyboard or assistive device
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| Telecommunications Device for the Deaf |
II. Videophone - a videophone is a telephone with a video screen, and is capable of full duplex (bi-directional) video and audio transmissions for communication between people in real-time. Currently videophones are particularly useful to the deaf and speech-impaired who can use them with sign language, and also with video relay services to communicate with hearing persons. Videophones are also very useful to those with mobility issues or those who are located in distant places and are in need of telemedical or tele-educational services.
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| Videophone |
III. Hearing Aid- is an electro acoustic apparatus which typically fits in or behind the wearer's ear and is designed to amplify and modulate sound.
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| Hearing Aid |
Types of Hearing Aid:
a. BTE (behind-the-ear)- is pre-made, and with lower cost; used by children with severe to profound hearing losses.
b. ITE (in-the-ear) - largest of custom-made hearing aids; used for mild-severe hearing loss
c. ITC (in-the-canal)- next smallest hearing aid;
d. CIC (completely in the canal) – smallest of the custom-made hearing aids
Parts of the hearing aid:
1. Microphone - converts acoustic sound energy into electrical energy
2. Processor - digitizes acoustic sound then separates background noise from speech
3. Amplifier - boosts processed signal
4. Speaker – converts electrical signal back into acoustic sound and directs the sound into ear canal.
IV. Cochlear Implant - is a small electronic device that can help to provide a sense of sound to a person who profoundly or severely hard of hearing
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| Cochlear Implant |
Note: hearing aids amplify sounds so they may be detected by the damaged ears while cochlear implants bypass damage portions of the ear and directly stimulates the auditory nerve.
Parts of the cochlear implant:
a. Microphone – pick up sound from environment
b. Speech processor – selects and arranges sound pick up by the microphone
c. Transmitter and stimulator- receive signals from the speech processor and converts them into electronic impulses
d. Electrode ray- collect impulses and send them to different regions in the brain
METALLICHEESE a.k.a Joann ♥
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